1. What is an operating system?
An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware. The purpose of an OS is to provide a convenient environment in which user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner.
2. What are the different operating systems?
1. Batched operating systems
2. Multi-programmed operating systems
3. timesharing operating systems
4. Distributed operating systems
5. Real-time operating systems
3. What are the basic functions of an operating system?
Operating system controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various applications programs for various uses. Operating system acts as resource allocator and manager. Also operating system is control program which controls the user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer. It is especially concerned with the operation and control of I/O devices.
4. What is kernel?
Kernel is the core and essential part of computer operating system that provides basic services for all parts of OS.
5. What is difference between micro kernel and macro kernel?
Micro kernel is a kernel which run services those are minimal for operating system performance. In this kernel all other operations are performed by processor.
Macro Kernel is a combination of micro and monolithic kernel. In monolithic kernel all operating system code is in single executable image.
6. What is dead lock?
Deadlock is a situation or condition where the two processes are waiting for each other to complete so that they can start. This result both the processes to hang.
7. What is a process?
A program in execution is called a process.
Processes are of two types:
1. Operating system processes
2. User processes
8. What are the states of a process?
1. New
2. Running
3. Waiting
4. Ready
5. Terminated
9. What is starvation and aging?
Starvation is Resource management problem where a process does not get the resources it needs for a long time because the resources are being allocated to other processes.
Aging is a technique to avoid starvation in a scheduling system.
10. What is semaphore?
Semaphore is a variable, whose status reports common resource, Semaphore is of two types one is Binary semaphore and other is Counting semaphore.